University licensing and the flow of scientific knowledge     

Neil C. Thompson  Arvids A. Ziedonis  David C. Mowery 《Research Policy》2018,47(6):1060-1069

As university involvement in technology transfer and entrepreneurship has increased, concerns over the patenting and licensing of scientific discoveries have grown. This paper examines the effect that the licensing of academic patents has on journal citations to academic publications covering the same scientific research. We analyze data on invention disclosures, patents, and licenses from the University of California, a leading U.S. academic patenter and licensor, between 1997 and 2007. We also develop a novel “inventor-based” maximum-likelihood matching technique to automate and generalize Murray's (2002) “patent-paper pairs” methodology. We use this methodology to identify the scientific publications associated with University of California patents and licenses.Based on a “difference-in-differences” analysis, we find that within our sample of patented academic discoveries, citations to licensed patent-linked publications are higher in the three years after the license, although this difference is not statistically significant. We then disaggregate our sample into (a) patented discoveries that are likely to be used as “research tools” by other researchers (based on the presence of material transfer agreements (MTAs) that cover them) and (b) patented discoveries not covered by MTAs. Citations to publications linked to licensed patents in the latter subset (not covered by MTAs) are higher for publications linked to licensed patents, and this difference is statistically significant. In contrast, licensing of patented discoveries that are also research tools is associated with a reduction in citations to papers linked to these research advances, raising the possibility that licensing may restrict the flow of inputs to “follow-on” scientific research.  相似文献   

Advances of physics-based precision modeling and simulation for manufacturing processes     

Gang Wang  Yi-Ming Rong 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2013,(1):75-81

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Book Reviewing in Medical Journals     

《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(2):121-131

Epidemics of duplication and fad occurring in the area of medical books has increased the need to rely on book reviews to avoid the purchase of worthless material. Thus the identification of medical journals containing book reviews of high quality is of paramount importance for collection development. Three areas need improvement in order to enhance the value of book reviews: I) a cooperative effort between editor and reviewers to shorten the present time lag between the publication of the book and the appearance of its review, 2) coordination among publishers to avoid excessive duplication of reviews, and 3) an increase in the number of books being reviewed.  相似文献   

Real-time monitoring of indoor air corrosivity in cultural heritage institutions with metallic electrical resistance sensors     

《文物保护研究》2013,58(2):117-128

Abstract

A system for continuous monitoring of atmospheric corrosivity has been developed. An electronic unit measures and records changes in the electrical resistance of a thin metal track applied on an insulating substrate. If the metal corrodes, the effective cross sectional area of the track decreases and the electrical resistance increases. Sensors made of silver, copper, iron/steel, zinc, lead, tin, aluminium, bronze, and brass at thicknesses from 50 nm to 250 µm were tailored for environments with different corrosivities. The developed technology proved capable of providing high sensitivity, allowing for real-time corrosion monitoring even in low-corrosive indoor cultural heritage facilities. Laboratory tests showed good reproducibility with the standard deviation of parallel measurements at less than ±20% for metals which corrode uniformly in the tested environments. Several examples selected from a broad testing programme in partner museums, libraries, and other institutions show successful applications of the logger system for characterization of air quality control in indoor locations, during transport and in temporary exhibitions; assessment of new buildings and storage facilities; and fundamental studies of optimal conservation and storage procedures. A first outline of a classification system for lead, which is particularly sensitive to the presence of carboxylic acids, is given. The technique has a large potential as an independent method for monitoring air quality in facilities displaying and storing valuable objects of cultural heritage.  相似文献   

关联数据在馆藏书目组织中的应用进展研究     

赵悦 《图书情报工作》2013,57(18):48-53

在对传统元数据与关联数据进行比较研究的基础上,以书目数据、知识组织系统数据、规范数据为主线,全面梳理关联数据在馆藏书目组织中的应用现状,并分析其应用特点及所面临的挑战,指出关联数据在图书馆书目组织中的应用已成为一种趋势。  相似文献   

Karol Estreicher (1827–1908) and his Bibliografia polska: Negotiating a National Bibliography in Nineteenth-Century Poland     

Wookjin Cheun 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(4):209-229

Karol Estreicher (1827–1908) compiled Bibliografia polska [Polish bibliography], an extraordinary retrospective national bibliography of the body of written works of Poland. Chronologically covering the entire history of printing in Poland up to 1900, it consisted of three distinct parts: the nineteenth century; a universal chronological bibliography of Polish publications; and pre-nineteenth century, conventionally called Bibliografia staropolska [Bibliography of old Poland]. So far a total of 56 volumes of Bibliografia polska have been published. That total includes the 35 volumes that constitute parts 1, 2, and 3; the four volumes that, covering 1891–1900, were published outside the framework of the three parts; and the seventeen volumes that constitute the second edition of part 1, the nineteenth-century bibliography. It was an exhaustive but also complicated bibliographic opus. A prolific writer and literary scholar himself, Estreicher devoted—with remarkable endurance and resilience—50 years of his life to its making. Much of the complexity of his bibliography reflected the cultural and intellectual roots of the author and the way he interpreted the meaning of his project.  相似文献   

The Hungarica Program of the National Széchényi Library (Budapest,Hungary)     

Ilona Kovács 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(4):259-266

The author discusses the history and work of the program at the National Széchényi Library to find, document, and collect Hungarica—defined as published in Hungary, written in the Hungarian language, written by a Hungarian author, or written about Hungary or Hungarians—published in Hungary or outside of it. Today both domestically-published and foreign Hungarica are documented in the library's online catalog and in a database of humanities research in Hungarian studies.  相似文献   

Nikola V. Mikhov (1877–1962): A Study of His Bibliographic Contribution     

Angela Cannon 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(2-3):91-119

Nikola V. Mikhov (1877–1962) set the standard for modern bibliographers in Bulgaria. He compiled major bibliographies of Bulgarica, or foreign works on Bulgaria, concentrating on the history and economics of Bulgaria and Turkey before 1878, the year Bulgaria gained autonomy from the Ottomans. Mikhov combed the collections of important Western European libraries in France, Belgium, Germany, Austria, and other countries to examine works for inclusion in his bibliographies. Using both published and archival sources, the author surveys his life, his bibliographic method, and his more important bibliographies.  相似文献   

An Academic Library's Self-Study in Ethics: A Library-Wide Investigation of Ethical Practice     

Heidi Senior  Jane Scott 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(8):891-902

Abstract

In the fall of 2017, the Clark Library at the University of Portland undertook an investigation of ethics in academic libraries to understand ethical practices in the library’s day-to-day work. The self-study was a year-long, library-wide project with directed activities within small groups, individually assigned readings and responses, and discussions at all-staff meetings. The project culminated in three specific deliverables: an annotated bibliography focused on ethical issues by functional area, a Clark Library Statement of Ethics, and a Statement of Ethical Information Use for inclusion in University syllabi.  相似文献   

Bilingual and Multilingual Legal Dictionaries in the European Union: An Updated Bibliography     

Gerard-René de Groot  Conrad J. P. van Laer 《Legal Reference Services Quarterly》2013,32(3):149-209

This annotated bibliography is intended to shed light on the availability and distribution of legal dictionaries that translate the twenty-seven European languages. The representative corpus consists of about 200 printed bilingual legal dictionaries (BLDs) with terms from two or more legal languages used in the European Union. This bibliography aims to illustrate the wide variation in the quality of these BLDs by the usage of three special headings and by referring to relevant professional reviews. In addition, the authors have commented upon noticeable BLDs that deserve serious criticism or special attention. This annotated bibliography updates the previous bibliography (Gerard-René de Groot & Conrad J. P. van Laer. The Quality of Legal Dictionaries: An Assessment [Maastricht Faculty of Law Working Paper No. 2008/6, 2008]) and covers almost all recently published BLDs. However, this bibliography is not exhaustive because of the dispersion of publishing houses: Each publisher issues only two BLDs, on average.  相似文献